In her mature years, she became the central figure of a movement of spiritual and monastic renewal borne out of an inner conviction and honed by ascetic practice. ![]() Teresa, who had been a social celebrity in her home province, was dogged by early family losses and ill health. A formal papal decree adopting the split from the old order was issued in 1580. It led eventually to the establishment of the Discalced Carmelites. The movement she initiated was later joined by the younger Spanish Carmelite friar and mystic John of the Cross. Active during the Counter-Reformation, she reformed the Carmelite Orders of both women and men. ![]() A Carmelite nun, prominent Spanish mystic, religious reformer, author, theologian of the contemplative life and of mental prayer, she earned the rare distinction of being declared a Doctor of the Church. Teresa of Ávila, OCD (born Teresa Sánchez de Cepeda y Ahumada 28 March 1515 – 4 or 15 October 1582), also called Saint Teresa of Jesus, was a Spanish noblewoman who was called to convent life in the Catholic Church.
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